A shingle includes a body having a top surface, a bottom surface, an upper end, a lower end, a first side, and a second side. This design removes the divided electromagnetic interaction of rotating and stationary elements. The above problems have been overcome by a method for producing a synthetic quartz glass member for excimer lasers, which, in a method for producing a synthetic quartz glass member for excimer laser optics comprising a step of incorporating hydrogen molecules into a synthetic quartz glass body by heat treating the synthetic quartz glass body at a temperature of 600 C. Each first micro structure includes a first planar surface and a curve surface. The current steering DAC also includes at least one switch control circuit configured to receive digital input data and to control the three output switches of each of the DAC unit cells to generate differential analog output data based on the digital input data and a current from the current source. The repeater includes a receiver receiving related information of auto-negotiation of a first node device, a control unit processing the received information and determining a common mode of operation for the first node device and the repeater, and a transmitter transmitting a determining result to a second node device.