A database receives location information about a moving object. The surface construction includes a center sheet of lead with rubber layers secured over the lead. Such narrow pulses used to heat the sensor and to maintain the temperature such that the methods for reducing the power requirement apply throughout sensor’s operation. At least one set of working and counter electrodes each have a plurality of elongated \u201cfingers\u201d interdigitated with those of the other electrode in the set. A photodiode can be formed in the crystalline semiconductor layer, and comprises a first impurity region and a second impurity region.