A hydroformable frame element is formed from the combination of at least two elements. The method includes identifying, in a database, at least one of several previously recorded spectra that is similar to the recorded first spectrum. Information may be logged for each message, such as information associated with the author, information associated with one or more designated recipients of the message, and time information. The operation unit of a vertical motion device is operated to move an optical system up and down so that the images of a focused pattern are viewed to move in opposite directions from each other in the field of view. The smaller size requirement is advantageous for implementing the input device in various devices including the PDAS, wireless communication devices, and other electronic equipment.