A microscale biosensor for use in the detection of target biological substances including molecules and cells is a microfluidic system with integrated electronics, inlet-outlet ports and interface schemes, high sensitivity detection of pathogen specificity, and processing of biological materials at semiconductor interfaces. For some embodiments, a grid task dispatcher may be configured to dispatch tasks in a manner that takes into account information about an entire workflow, rather than just an individual task. The optical sensor has an objective and a camera designed to capture an image of the measurement object.