Provided is an apparatus for generating an identification key by a probabilistic determination of a short occurring between nodes constituting a circuit, by violating a design rule provided during a semiconductor manufacturing process. A tunneling shaft assembly is provided and is slidably mounted in the bore of the introducer device. The voltage comparator acts as a receiver of receiving the electric generation control signal transferred through the data transfer line. Each stimulation pattern in the series, after the first, is determined at least in part on a previous subjective patient selection of a preferred stimulation pattern among stimulation patterns previously presented in the series and a fitness function optimization algorithm. The ideal tooth surface for bracket placement andor the ideal archwire orientation at that bracket may be determined in a computerized fashion by forming a three-dimensional representation of a ideal corrected position of the teeth, and then determining where the bracket and archwire would need to be placed on each of the misaligned teeth in order to achieve the ideal correction. An object is photographed by a CCD through each of plural filters that have optical films vacuum deposited thereon so that spectral transmission characteristics vary between the filters periodically.