Example embodiments relate to a method of forming a germanium silicide layer, a semiconductor device including the Ge silicide layer, and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device. The curable layer may additionally be imparted with a texture. The interface may include a trench with one side surface angled to form a reflector to reflect light upwardly to be detected by the detector. The traffic flow scanning processor produces a treatment for the data packet based on the scanning. Changes in purchase habits, such as a loss of a customer, may be used in combination with the biometric data to establish thresholds of biometric data used to generate customer service actions. When a user node departs from the distribution network, a propagation signal is transmitted to the nodes below it in the network, causing them to move up in the network in a predetermined order.