A protective sports glove worn by athletes during training or for use in a combative event to protect against injury and increase performance. An apparatus, cheap and simple to utilize, suitable to execute this method, is also described. The heat dissipating plane is partly covered by the casing and the rest of the heat dissipating plane is shown in the first hollow region. Zr content contained in the material is equal to or less than 650 ppm. In another embodiment to determine the optimizer efficiency index, APs are ranked based on estimated cost and classified into a plurality of categories based on query optimizer estimates and actual execution behavior. The soft-value read voltage is smaller than an upper limit of a threshold voltage distribution and larger than a lower limit thereof.