Methods and apparatus for providing a high-resolution spatial light modulator. By making the area measurement integral to the ECV tool, every sample measurement can be corrected for the true measurement area, leading to improved accuracy and eliminating a large source of error. A process for preparing the coating compositions also is provided. While the phase voltage is thus momentarily extinguished, the second coil is used to monitor the motor’s back EMF, from which it can be determined whether the rotor is in a normal running mode, a stall, or a reverse condition.