A plasma display apparatus comprises a driver for supplying a rising signal of finite slope and a scan signal of negative polarity to a scan electrode using one voltage source. A CCD sensor includes first pixel rows and a second pixel row. The silicon optoelectronic device has superior light-emitting efficiency, can be used as at least one of a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device, and has high wavelength selectivity. The container body is closed by a pair of lids. 1 to 2 times as large as the particle size of the hydrophobic particles in a dried state.