1459996216-5ff4a0bd-006a-46e3-819d-dde4221c93a5

A carrier recovery apparatus, which may used in a high-definition TV receiver, includes an error compensating unit, an error detecting unit, and an oscillator. The inner lead portions define an open area having a central region and the dam bar defines a leadframe outer perimeter. Embodiments of the invention provide greater than an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and the ability to reject RF interference sources located outside the pass-band of a superconducting QR probe. An output terminal of the first operational amplifier outputs a first output voltage. A row enable signal is pulsed to a switching device coupled between the node and the column voltage to cause the node voltage to be lowered to a desired level. The organic transistor can also serve as a load for improving a gain of the level shifter.