When macro blocks each of which has a variable length are input for one picture, null syncs each of which has a unit length are generated corresponding to the format of the video data to be handled. The first and second display substrates include first and second vertical inorganic alignment layers, respectively, to vertically align liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer. As the horizontal layers descend down the explosive charge, the rod segments are offset from those directly above and below them to create a pattern that appears to be twisted columns. 1 to 2% by weight of ammonium fluoride; and the remaining percentage by weight of water. Specifically, the present invention includes a method and apparatus for fermenting carbohydrates from grains to produce ethanol.