A computer-implemented initial run module processes manifest variable data using computer-defined model specification parameters stored in a database to provide initial estimates of weights that are associated with latent variables. The explicit rate marking system comprises a virtual bandwidth value generator module and an explicit rate value generator module. The device can preserve a separated epithelial layer as a disk without rupturing the disk and without substantial epithelial cell loss. The seat detaches from the hangers and is at least partially collapsible. 36>\u03b4\u2003\u2003The silica with such properties can be suitably used in fields of which particularly excellent heat resistance and water resistance are required, and moreover controlled pore properties, and the fact that physical properties scarcely change over a long period of time are required among the above-mentioned applications. The contaminated water is purified by aeration to expel the pollutant into gas phase, and the pollutant containing gas is then mixed with a chlorine-containing gas under light irradiation to decompose the pollutant, where the chlorine-containing gas may generated from functional water by aeration.