An object is to reduce variation in shape of crystals that are to be formed. In the magnetic head actuator, a portion of an FPC board resin base is removed to expose a portion of the feeding line that extends onto a voltage impressing electrode. Furthermore, in such a compressed trie, sub-strings are stored in a single character string. The x-ray source is displaced from the on-axis x-ray sensor, and the x-ray source and the on-axis x-ray sensor are positioned on an axis conceptually drawn between the x-ray source and the on-axis x-ray sensor. The mounting mechanism is mounted at the base. The acoustic liners may be positioned at the ends of flaps of an aircraft wing to provide broadband noise absorption andor dampen the noise producing unsteady flow features, and to reduce the amount of noise generated due to unsteady flow at the inboard andor outboard end edges of a flap.