The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy petroleum oils of high viscosity and low API gravity that are typically not suitable for pipelining without the use of diluents. Also described herein is a vehicle arm rest including the switch engagement assembly. The actuation is governed by a control circuit and initiated from a trigger switch. The oxidation preferably oxidizes the aluminum bearing layers that are exposed by the channel walls inward for distance. A second interfacial layer is formed over at least a portion of the second device region.