The field of the invention is that of solid-state laser gyros. In one aspect of the present invention, the AD converter system comprises a sigma delta modulator having at least one passive component and a feedback path that includes at least one switched digital-to-analog converter, and a tracking reference generator that provides compensated reference signals to the at least one switched DAC for providing feedback to the sigma delta modulator. Methods of modulating clot formation in mammals are also described. The state machines may break the PCI stream to arrive at the quantity of PCI data being transferred. Each of the channels may include a distinct watermark.