In one embodiment, a liquid crystal shutter includes a first liquid crystal panel for left eye and a second liquid crystal panel for right eye. And, a cooling method of said float bath system is disclosed. A microparticle comprising rutile-type or brookite-type titanium dioxide or a microparticle comprising amorphous titanium dioxide is adhered directly on the glass film surface of a sensitive glass film for a pH electrode. The translational loop receives the modulated IF signal and produces a modulated RF signal having a constant envelope. The driver further includes two substantially similar current feedback resistors, connected between the gain resistor and the series resistor.