An anti-skid plate is to be fixed on a corner of a step of a stair. The device may be activated mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically and is applicable to tracked vehicles. Due to the simplicity of the dynamic gain equalizer chip, which includes one 1\xd7n multiplexerdemultiplexer, an n-channel variable optical attenuator array, a partially transparent dielectric reflective means and an n-channel detector array, the device is very compact and can be fabricated at low cost. , paper is conveyed when printing, is controlled based on known print speed control factors. The electrical lapping guide provides for monitoring the progression of lapping; does not require additional electrical connection pads; and, is removable after completion of lapping. At least a second top portion of the first insulating material is removed, the resist is removed, and a second insulating material is deposited over the wafer to completely fill the isolation trenches.