A method of verifying defect management area information of an optical disc upon initialization with certification, and a test apparatus for performing the same. The disclosed technology also enables a provision of automatic transformations, or at least hints for the transformation of the code, to accommodate the database schema change. The distension signals may amplify chemosensory or mechanosensory signals such as enteroendocrine secretions within the patient. The method and system of the present invention thus reduces both total packet drop and retransmission impact on network throughput by enabling direct recovery of packets received during handoff by the old AP from the old AP. The visual display may be electronic paper, mechanical, or chemical such that the information is displayed without power being applied to the data storage device. The oriented film covers the first opening from above the insulating film and the second opening from the pixel electrode.