Methods and Apparatuses for generating and distributing a clock signal between components within a semiconductor chip. In one embodiment of the invention, a provider edge network element reuses an HVPLS spoke connectivity failure recovery mechanism in an MTU to protect against a failure of HVPLS hub connectivity. Gamma centroid location measurements are made by rastering assumed transaxial and radial head positions and the corresponding rebinning maps for optimal back-projected image resolution. Upon determining that a location-based criterion has been satisfied, the mobile device can transmit a second signal to the vehicle accessory indicating that a function of the vehicle is to be controlled.