A timing device monitors an estimated time of arrival for an object in a process of traversing a predetermined range of distance by computing the estimated time of arrival based on a time the object has spent completing at least one interval during the course of traversing the distance. The first driver is configured to generate a first data signal on a first data line. A second method involves pre-heating the workpiece from an initial temperature to an intermediate temperature, and heating a surface of the workpiece to a desired temperature greater than the intermediate temperature by an amount less than or equal to about one-fifth of a difference between the intermediate and initial temperatures. The laser lift-off device comprises the optical mask plate. The inlet channel, outlet channel and lubrication channel are integrated in said turbocharger assembly in correspondence of a connection interface between said turbocharger assembly and the motor unit.