Provided is a drip coffee maker comprising: a first receptacle; a second receptacle; and a third receptacle, wherein water accommodated in the second receptacle is gradually discharged through the second through hole at a predetermined flow rate per time by means of surface tension and viscosity of water. The metal element of the ferroelectric material may exist in the electrode in the pure metal form, as an alloy, as part of a crystalline compound, or as part of an amorphous material. Various amounts of storage are dedicated to storing the higher-level redundancy information, such as amounts equivalent to an integer multiple of flash die, and such as amounts equivalent to a fraction of a single flash die.