In one embodiment, a light-emitting apparatus includes a substrate having i) a plurality of overlapping panels that form acute angles with respect to an imaginary surface that bisects the overlapping panels, and ii) a plurality of recesses formed between overlapping portions of the overlapping panels. The resistive ladder circuits comprise multiple lines of series resistances, wherein each line contains a resistance portion nR that is connected in parallel with a next line, so that an overall resistance of following lines is n times larger than the element resistance. Methods of making and using the compositions to coat a substrate are also disclosed. An insulating layer is on the third surface in the through hole and extends to be over the second surface of the substrate. The method also includes determining a temperature value indicative of a core temperature of the patient based on at least one of the first and second temperatures.