The present invention provides an apparatus and method for enhancing image resolution by a position perfurbation modulation which changes optical imaging paths by a rotatable wedge lens turntable. The control apparatus includes electric power converters in multiple systems, a failure detection portion, and a controller. The control panel is separate from the main body and positioned toward a front side of the original-sheet discharge-tray. The disclosure further describes cylindrical articles having interior or exterior surfaces roughened using the methods. Each memory cell is connected to differential inputs to a sense amplifier. The reception device then uses the mail data to retrieve the information from a mail device in communication with the memory.