Briefly, some embodiments of the invention may provide devices and methods of connecting standard bottles, and structures made from standard bottles, bottle-connectors and, optionally, accessories. The reformer includes a reforming reaction section constructed with a plurality of pipelines having independent internal spaces to generate hydrogen from a fuel, and a housing assembly surrounding the reforming reaction section to circulate the fuel around an outer surface of the reforming reaction section to preheat the fuel before it is supplied to the reforming reaction section. Next, a plurality of word lines and a plurality of oxide-nitride-oxide stack structures are formed on the substrate. Further disclosed is a method for synthesizing glycerol carbonate from glycerol using the catalyst. A gap is provided between the movable frame surface oriented in the direction of motion of the movable frame and a counter surface oriented in a corresponding direction, in which gap is fitted a damping element which is in contact with both surfaces to damp the motion of the movable frame.