To prevent playback of pirated, non-encrypted video, a DVD-based system examines data read from a DVD disk for MPEG-like characteristics. A virtual trusted platform module along with a virtual endorsement key is created within a physical trusted platform module within the data processing system using a platform signing key of the physical trusted platform module, thereby providing a transitive trust relationship between the virtual trusted platform module and the core root of trust for the trusted platform. The present invention also provides multichannel charged particle analyzers and multichannel EEL spectrometers capable of measuring charged particle energy distributions, including electron energy distributions, with enhanced resolution and sensitivity compared to conventional analyzers. Differently polarized potentials are applied to the first electrode and the second electrode upon discharging the drop. The filling portion has a surface roughness of not more than 50 \u03bcm in RMS value. The venturi nozzle outlet is connected to the cylinder air intake system at a location subject to variable intake vacuum pressure between the throttle and the cylinders to allow the mixture of filtered air and crankcase vapors to be drawn into the inlet air passing to the cylinders downstream of the throttle.