The invention relates to flat panel display terminals based on cold emission cathodes. Each receiver, before sending a PIM message, first searches for any other receivers other than itself. A method of preparing a dendritic emulsifier includes reacting an anhydride with a phytoglycogen or glycogen-type material in solution, thereby forming an anhydride-modified phytoglycogen or glycogen-type material. In the other embodiment, charging efficiency is maximized regardless of the output voltage of the battery. The transceiver design and manufacturing process allow for pivoting of the receiving sleeve around a substantially common access such that a light detecting component may be actively aligned with a lens included in a receiving sleeve of the duplex port assembly. A mask is formed over the wafer to cover the insulating layer and the two pattern marks.