Apparatus and methods for throwing or launching paper or other material. The method comprises administering to the animal an effective amount of an immunopotentiating compound of Formula I or Formula II, or a physiologically acceptable salt. A self-sterilizing contact surface structure allows chemical sterilizing agents to controllably flow in response to a contact event, from within the article to exude upon a portion of the contact surface. A locking mechanism releasably maintains the front door at a closed position. At least one end portion in a longitudinal direction of an exposed portion of the internal electrode layer led to and exposed at the end surface of the ceramic laminate is covered with a glass film, and the internal electrodes and the external electrode are electrically connected to each other at a portion not covered with the glass film in the exposed portion of the internal electrode layer. Each memory cell is coupled to a rectifying device to prevent parallel leak current from flowing through non-selected memory cells.