An end device may include a camera configured to capture an image of an object, a touch screen configured to receive a touch input and a processor configured to determine to unlock the end device based, at least in part, on the image of the object and the touch input. The anti-decoupling device can form part of a new connector, or can be used to retrofit existing connectors without having to modify the connector. In the described algorithms, all vehicles within a communication range rapidly converge on a common time base to high precision. The slot allocations are determined so as to maximize the minimum of the weighted data rates of the remote stations. Then, the density value of the notice pixel is reduced by an amount represented by the density reduction value.