A frequency standard has a cell formed in a cavity of a substrate. A preferred continuous sequential bulk reactive extrusion process comprises feeding a mixture of -lauryl lactam, at least one anionic polymerization initiator, and at least one co-initiator into the first hopper of an extruder, and thereafter feeding -caprolactone into a second hopper of the extruder. The dummy transistor having at least one gate 251, this gate connected through a resistor 260 to the Vdd power supply 240. The PDC decoder portion includes sequential logic elements that are clocked to capture the multi-bit digital values. The geared motor is connected with a geared motor power supply through a relay. In a second embodiment, the customer receives an authorization confirmation from the authorization computer upon the authentication of the identity of the cardholder.