An object is to provide a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device which is superior in writing property and charge holding property. The system and method employ a device having an active electrode optionally coated with a substance, and a counter-electrode that is configured at least partially surround the active electrode. The portable receivertransmitter has two buttons, a numerical display, indicator lights, and a vibrator. The mechanism includes a carrier member and is designed to be assembled from the rear. Upon system startup, the management information is read obliquely such that the management information about cluster is read from bank 0;. These compounds are useful for delivering biologically active substances to cells and for transfecting nucleic acids into cells.