Composite films comprising two-dimensional hole arrays, and related methods of preparing hole arrays. A network protocol stack includes a plurality of hierarchically structured protocol layers. The first level of stable storage is provided by one or more byte-addressable stable memory regions which may reside within the main memory of the computer network. The spiral groove preferably shares the same longitudinal axis as the winder. The transition metal catalyst is from the groups VIII and IB; preferably, Cu and Fe.