A unique bucket attachment and sub-attachment adaptable for use with skid steer loaders and other earth moving equipment. The grooves are formed in a continuous band adjacent to the light incidence surface and extend perpendicular to the light incidence surface for scattering the light beams. In embodiments, the top surface may be concave, convex, or wave shaped. Further, an improved fraud detection system may include a learning component with a feedback loop. HNF-4 binds to its recognition site as a dimer and activates transcription in a sequence-specific fashion in nonhepatic cells.