The present invention provides an electrophoretic mobility measuring apparatus capable of conducting measurement with high sensitivity with optical attenuation reduced by incidence of light through the electrode face. 1 and 10 terahertz that is suitable for the wireless transmission of data includes generating, by an electromagnetic pump wave, at least two mixing waves with a defined frequency difference, the pump wave being configured to constitute one of the mixing waves; and producing an electromagnetic carrier wave by frequency mixing the mixing waves. The present invention provides an intervention circuit instantiated within the driver circuitry proximal to the row of memory cells. A second power property setting unit will set a second power property to the moving object. When the seed layer is a catalytic ink, the seed layer may be treated by curing the catalytic ink with a laser. The antenna includes a monopole antenna element, extending in a longitudinal direction essentially parallel to and at a distance above a planar electrically-conducting base plate, between two opposing ends of the antenna element.