Exemplary embodiments provide materials and methods for forming a metal silicide layer andor an NMOS transistor. The pumping apparatus includes a pump having an inlet to receive a fluid and an outlet to exhaust the fluid, and the motor coupled to the pump to operate the pump. Each of the embodiments uses a method of optical design wherein certain portions or elements of the optical system are used for multiple purposes andor transmit certain paths of light transmission in multiple directions. The wireless device is operable to receive an incoming signal and to place an electric potential on the conductors so that various areas of the user’s body are stimulated and the user will receive notification of the incoming signal in a completely silent manner. The wireless device may further include a printed circuit board onto which the antenna is secured.