An encoder suppresses effectively the high-frequency components of data to be transmitted by decreasing the changing points of serial data, thereby suppressing EMI. In the present invention, a base station broadcasts a neighboring base station advertisement message including information that indicates that frequency overlay is supported in neighboring base stations to terminals. An electronic component is configured to generate a torque measurement based on the generated electrical signal, and store at least one of the generated electrical signal and the torque measurement for a several positions of the main beam relative to the stationary beam. Geometric characteristics of the selected compliant structure may be derived from the values of the analytical model characteristics. An approximate matching step is used to reduce the number of candidate template forms.