The invention relates to dietary fiber for human and animal nutrition and more particularly to roughage consisting of a fiber formulation containing lignocellulose. The tension maintaining mechanism is separate from the supply roll and the take-up roll for the ribbon, eliminating the need for clutches or brakes attached to the supply or take-up rolls to achieve tensioning. Encoding modules are used to encode both the unconverted and converted images. The second measuring device operates in conjunction with the first measuring device to cancel a measurement contact bias. In a particular aspect, the common source is an animal carcass. The radiation-curable composition is a liquid at room temperature and does not undergo substantial volume contraction upon curing and exhibit excellent adhesion to porous and non porous substrates alike.