An exemplary light emitting diode includes a light output unit, an optical lens, and a reflective sheet. The analysis can be carried out based on fluorescence emission spectra, fluorescence excitation spectra and synchronous spectra of bio-samples. The alternate coordinate frame can be defined by allowing the user to select a plane, an origin, and an axis, using any desired coordinate system and in any desired orientation. Ions of a dopant material are implanted into the raised source region and the raised drain region to form an extended source region and an extended drain region.