Prior colloidal crystal preparation means requires much workmanship to obtain colloidal crystals, relying much on the expertise of an operator. The systems and methods involve detecting the occurrence of electrical events within the patient’s heart including sensing one or more of the electrical events with the electrode and then analyzing the electrical events to determine the electrode’s position. A domain transformation is performed on the input data and the transformed data is encoded into a series of output data streams each with a different bit rate. The compounds described herein, ,, or ) can also be used as anticonvulsants. The MIMO coding unit performs MIMO coding with respect to the error correction coded block. Optimization uses the schema for minimizing the number of documents on which the query need to be executed; eliminating redundant conditions specified in the query; and simplifying expensive query constructs.