A novel and useful apparatus for and method of associating a dedicated coverage bit to each instruction in a software system. The plunger mechanism can establish contact between a device and an anode mandrel during an electropolishing process while the device is immersed in an electrolytic bath. A first gate insulation layer is disposed on the silicon substrate in the gate forming region. Further, techniques are described herein for leveraging a multi-layer transmission to increase the efficiency of acknowledgement communication. A converter 105 determines an ignition angle ig on the basis of an output pulse of a pulse generator and an advance amount provided by the advanced ignition timing setting unit. The controller is configured to concurrently adjust the phases of the photoreceptors and those of the drive elements so that a registration error in four color toner image on an intermediate transfer belt is reduced to a minimum.