An application specific integrated circuit is disclosed. The method includes reacting a multi-valent metal oxide, water and a carbonate to produce an alkali metal-multi-valent metal oxide compound, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. Pixel signals are read out from the first pixels as first pixel signals, and analog-to-digital conversion of the first pixel signals is performed to obtain first digital signals. Additionally, 5,10,15,20-tetrakisporphine is a preferred hydrophilic photosensitizer for photodynamic tumor therapy. One or more surveillance cameras may be installed in the enclosure, as well. A positive power supply signal and a ground power supply signal may be provided to the inverters by the power supply circuitry.