This invention relates to a high-strength, aqueous herbicidal concentrate containing the clopyralid dimethylamine salt. Policy is pushed from the NBS to the MD and the MD automatically obtains details about devices and attributes that are near or accessible to the MD in accordance with the policy. When adjusting the bit count for a portion of the target digital media item, instead of using the same set of parameter values used in a perceptual model for each portion of the source media item, the set of parameter values may be modified to encode the portion of the source digital media item. at a pressure ranging from about vacuum conditions to about 20,700 kPa for a time sufficient to crack the biomass oil. In some embodiments, the apparatus can include one or more illumination sources for illuminating a skin target region, and shield for shielding the image capture device from direct reflection of the illuminating radiation from a selected skin surface portion.