A multicarrier signal transmitting apparatus includes a rotation amount setting unit and a phase rotator. The composition is suitable for use as a contrast agent with a plurality of imaging modalities, including, for example, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed temography. The laminoplasty plates can include a lamina engagement portion at one end for engagement with the divided lamina portion. When the performance of the permutation exceeds the performance of the original part of the flow graph, the streams manager modifies the flow graph so the permutation replaces the original part of the flow graph. The acoustic streaming may allow a Doppler effect measurement without any other source of velocity. In one embodiment, a service layer application is provided to control access to the database by performing encoding and decoding of the data in the database.