A telecommunication network may include a policy management system and a charging system. A hinge coupling enables relative pivoting of forward and rearward portions about a main frame pivot axis extending at acute angles relative to both a rear vertical transverse plane and a horizontal plane. 2 dB over the entire wavelength range used for C-band telecommunication functions. A single phase frequency detector may be implemented to generate control signals that separately control the analog proportional and digital integrating control paths.