The present invention comprises novel and modified peptides capable of inducing a HIV-1 specific immune response without antagonizing the cytotoxic T-cell activity in order to achieve an effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine against HIV. Wherein R represents as carboxylic acid protecting group; P1 and P2 can be the same or different and are selected from amine protecting groups; P3 represents a protecting group for 1, 2 diols; and LG represents a leaving group. The functions of the customer identification device and the sensor may be performed by a single unit. The bio-derived oil is compatible with a variety of bio-derived polymeric resins, especially polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates. This derivation permits the measurement of temporal phase shifts using only intensity information in a direct, non-interferometric manner.