The invention provides a lithographic method referred to as \u201cdip pen\u201d nanolithography, which utilizes a scanning probe microscope tip tip) as a \u201cpen,\u201d a solid-state substrate as \u201cpaper,\u201d and molecules with a chemical affinity for the solid-state substrate as \u201cink. The computer system identifies an activity of a second program. A lateral passage in the tree extending from the vertical passage. Furthermore, in one embodiment, T1 can be selectively adjusted to more accurately measure T2. The integrated CMOS circuit combines advantages of PMOS transistors having p-type doped silicon-germanium gate electrodes with advantages of NMOS transistors having n-type doped silicon gate electrodes. The ball may be capable of rotating about an axis perpendicular to the channel.