Methods and systems for performing an authenticated boot ; performing a continuous data protection ; performing automatic protection and optionally a consolidation; and performing other defenses and protection of a protected computing device are provided. The first conductivity type semiconductor layer is contiguous to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer in a first direction, and extends on a surface of the anode layer in a second direction that intersects perpendicularly to the first direction. The flame-retardant particles are provided with a coating layer on the surfaces thereof and have a volume average particle diameter in a range from 1 to 500 nm.