A developing device including a developing roller facing an image bearing member and a toner layer thickness control member to control an amount of a toner adhered to the developing roller, so that an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member is developed with the toner to form a toner image. One of the jaw members contains a plurality of fasteners arranged in at least one row substantially transverse to a longitudinal axis of the elongated portion. The second layer is disposed apart from the first layer and includes a plurality of non-electrically conductive portions to generate an electromagnetic wave travelling along a first axis above the second layer. The looking ring may include a resilient sealing ring. Ramdisks and caches for storing each data type in the host DRAM are managed and flushed to the SSD by the VMD driver.