A flexible and reconfigurable digital system includes a set of sub-circuits. A viscosity-increasing agent thickens the electrolyte to limit its flow to a rate on the order of microlitersday so that a few milliliters of electrolyte suffice to provide an extended electrode life. Oxygen doping treatment is performed in a manner such that oxygen is introduced into the insulating layer and the metal film from a position above the metal film. The columnar bodies may be made of a combination of different diameters andor lengths. A ball mill is preferably used as a grinder for performing this grinding. The first member is slideably coupled to the second member and provides for an interference fit with the second member.