In order to provide a safe means for the direct purification of groundwater, which enables the efficient use of carbon source and the concentration of nitrificans, while requiring no addition of heavy metals, a starch-derived biodegradable plastic is used as a single carbon source and immobilizing carrier of denitrificans, and contacted with nitrate-polluted groundwater. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method includes applying a DND with respect to a telephone apparatus associated with a telephone number for a first party, and obtaining a first indication of a first new attempt by the first party to establish contact with a second party. The apparatus also includes a pivotal cradle which is placed over the conveyor. The information may be provided in real time through a secure site on a network, such as the Internet. The image data may be edited to increase an overlap length of the first and second sides.