Provided herein are, inter alia, compositions including a surfactant and a novel compound useful in enhanced oil recovery. The compact R-EDA is pumped using non-conventional multi-mode pumps that couple to the waveguide cladding. In one embodiment, the metal is silicon and the cross-linked matrix is a siloxane cross-linked matrix containing silicon atoms cross-linked by multiple disiloxy bonds and having proton conducting groups covalently attached to the silicon atoms through alkanediyl linkers. Depending upon the orientation of the fitting within the retainer, the incoming fluid stream is directed in an upward or downward direction to thereby facilitate usage of the fitting with or without a vacuum bag, while at the same time minimizing the potential for splashing and expulsion of liquid drawn into the vacuum cleaner. The signal sensing device also includes a ground pin. The invention further pertains to the use of this catalyst in the alkylation of hydrocarbons.